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Requests: HTTP for Humans™ ¶ Release v2.23.0. ( Installation ) Requests is an elegant and simple HTTP library for Python, built for human beings. Behold, the power of Requests :r = requests . get ( ’https://api.github.com/user’ , auth = ( ’user’ , ’pass’ ))r . status_code 200r . headers [ ’content-type’ ] ’application/json; charset=utf8’r . encoding ’utf-8’r . text ’{"type":"User"...’r . json () {’private_gists’: 419, ’total_private_repos’: 77, ...} See similar code, sans Requests . Requests allows you to send HTTP/1.1 requests extremely easily. There’s no need to manually add query strings to your URLs, or to form-encode your POST data. Keep-alive and HTTP connection pooling are 100% automatic, thanks to urllib3 . Beloved Features ¶ Requests is ready for today’s web. Keep-Alive & Connection Pooling International Domains and URLs Sessions with Cookie Persistence Browser-style SSL Verification Automatic Content Decoding Basic/Digest Authentication Elegant Key/Value Cookies Automatic Decompression Unicode Response Bodies HTTP(S) Proxy Support Multipart File Uploads Streaming Downloads Connection Timeouts Chunked Requests .netrc Support Requests officially supports Python 2.7 & 3.4–3.7, and runs great on PyPy. The User Guide ¶ This part of the documentation, which is mostly prose, begins with some background information about Requests, then focuses on step-by-step instructions for getting the most out of Requests. Introduction Philosophy Apache2 License Requests License Installation of Requests $ pipenv install requests Get the Source Code Quickstart Make a Request Passing Parameters In URLs Response Content Binary Response Content JSON Response Content Raw Response Content Custom Headers More complicated POST requests POST a Multipart-Encoded File Response Status Codes Response Headers Cookies Redirection and History Timeouts Errors and Exceptions Advanced Usage Session Objects Request and Response Objects Prepared Requests SSL Cert Verification Client Side Certificates CA Certificates Body Content Workflow Keep-Alive Streaming Uploads Chunk-Encoded Requests POST Multiple Multipart-Encoded Files Event Hooks Custom Authentication Streaming Requests Proxies Compliance HTTP Verbs Custom Verbs Link Headers Transport Adapters Blocking Or Non-Blocking? Header Ordering Timeouts Authentication Basic Authentication Digest Authentication OAuth 1 Authentication OAuth 2 and OpenID Connect Authentication Other Authentication New Forms of Authentication The Community Guide ¶ This part of the documentation, which is mostly prose, details the Requests ecosystem and community. Recommended Packages and Extensions Certifi CA Bundle CacheControl Requests-Toolbelt Requests-Threads Requests-OAuthlib Betamax Frequently Asked Questions Encoded Data? Custom User-Agents? Why not Httplib2? Python 3 Support? Python 2 Support? What are “hostname doesn’t match” errors? Integrations Python for iOS Articles & Talks Support Stack Overflow Send a Tweet File an Issue E-mail IRC Vulnerability Disclosure Process Previous CVEs Community Updates GitHub Twitter Release and Version History Release History dev 2.23.0 (2020-02-19) 2.22.0 (2019-05-15) 2.21.0 (2018-12-10) 2.20.1 (2018-11-08) 2.20.0 (2018-10-18) 2.19.1 (2018-06-14) 2.19.0 (2018-06-12) 2.18.4 (2017-08-15) 2.18.3 (2017-08-02) 2.18.2 (2017-07-25) 2.18.1 (2017-06-14) 2.18.0 (2017-06-14) 2.17.3 (2017-05-29) 2.17.2 (2017-05-29) 2.17.1 (2017-05-29) 2.17.0 (2017-05-29) 2.16.5 (2017-05-28) 2.16.4 (2017-05-27) 2.16.3 (2017-05-27) 2.16.2 (2017-05-27) 2.16.1 (2017-05-27) 2.16.0 (2017-05-26) 2.15.1 (2017-05-26) 2.15.0 (2017-05-26) 2.14.2 (2017-05-10) 2.14.1 (2017-05-09) 2.14.0 (2017-05-09) 2.13.0 (2017-01-24) 2.12.5 (2017-01-18) 2.12.4 (2016-12-14) 2.12.3 (2016-12-01) 2.12.2 (2016-11-30) 2.12.1 (2016-11-16) 2.12.0 (2016-11-15) 2.11.1 (2016-08-17) 2.11.0 (2016-08-08) 2.10.0 (2016-04-29) 2.9.2 (2016-04-29) 2.9.1 (2015-12-21) 2.9.0 (2015-12-15) 2.8.1 (2015-10-13) 2.8.0 (2015-10-05) 2.7.0 (2015-05-03) 2.6.2 (2015-04-23) 2.6.1 (2015-04-22) 2.6.0 (2015-03-14) 2.5.3 (2015-02-24) 2.5.2 (2015-02-23) 2.5.1 (2014-12-23) 2.5.0 (2014-12-01) 2.4.3 (2014-10-06) 2.4.2 (2014-10-05) 2.4.1 (2014-09-09) 2.4.0 (2014-08-29) 2.3.0 (2014-05-16) 2.2.1 (2014-01-23) 2.2.0 (2014-01-09) 2.1.0 (2013-12-05) 2.0.1 (2013-10-24) 2.0.0 (2013-09-24) 1.2.3 (2013-05-25) 1.2.2 (2013-05-23) 1.2.1 (2013-05-20) 1.2.0 (2013-03-31) 1.1.0 (2013-01-10) 1.0.3 (2012-12-18) 1.0.2 (2012-12-17) 1.0.1 (2012-12-17) 1.0.0 (2012-12-17) 0.14.2 (2012-10-27) 0.14.1 (2012-10-01) 0.14.0 (2012-09-02) 0.13.9 (2012-08-25) 0.13.8 (2012-08-21) 0.13.7 (2012-08-19) 0.13.6 (2012-08-06) 0.13.5 (2012-07-27) 0.13.4 (2012-07-27) 0.13.3 (2012-07-12) 0.13.2 (2012-06-28) 0.13.1 (2012-06-07) 0.13.0 (2012-05-29) 0.12.1 (2012-05-08) 0.12.0 (2012-05-02) 0.11.2 (2012-04-22) 0.11.1 (2012-03-30) 0.11.0 (2012-03-14) 0.10.8 (2012-03-09) 0.10.7 (2012-03-07) 0.10.6 (2012-02-25) 0.10.5 (2012-02-25) 0.10.4 (2012-02-20) 0.10.3 (2012-02-20) 0.10.2 (2012-01-15) 0.10.1 (2012-01-23) 0.10.0 (2012-01-21) 0.9.3 (2012-01-18) 0.9.2 (2012-01-18) 0.9.1 (2012-01-06) 0.9.0 (2011-12-28) 0.8.9 (2011-12-28) 0.8.8 (2011-12-28) 0.8.7 (2011-12-24) 0.8.6 (2011-12-18) 0.8.5 (2011-12-14) 0.8.4 (2011-12-11) 0.8.3 (2011-11-27) 0.8.2 (2011-11-19) 0.8.1 (2011-11-15) 0.8.0 (2011-11-13) 0.7.6 (2011-11-07) 0.7.5 (2011-11-04) 0.7.4 (2011-10-26) 0.7.3 (2011-10-23) 0.7.2 (2011-10-23) 0.7.1 (2011-10-23) 0.7.0 (2011-10-22) 0.6.6 (2011-10-19) 0.6.5 (2011-10-18) 0.6.4 (2011-10-13) 0.6.3 (2011-10-13) 0.6.2 (2011-10-09) 0.6.1 (2011-08-20) 0.6.0 (2011-08-17) 0.5.1 (2011-07-23) 0.5.0 (2011-06-21) 0.4.1 (2011-05-22) 0.4.0 (2011-05-15) 0.3.4 (2011-05-14) 0.3.3 (2011-05-12) 0.3.2 (2011-04-15) 0.3.1 (2011-04-01) 0.3.0 (2011-02-25) 0.2.4 (2011-02-19) 0.2.3 (2011-02-15) 0.2.2 (2011-02-14) 0.2.1 (2011-02-14) 0.2.0 (2011-02-14) 0.0.1 (2011-02-13) Release Process and Rules Major Releases Minor Releases Hotfix Releases Reasoning The API Documentation / Guide ¶ If you are looking for information on a specific function, class, or method, this part of the documentation is for you. Developer Interface Main Interface Exceptions Request Sessions Lower-Level Classes Lower-Lower-Level Classes Authentication Encodings Cookies Status Code Lookup Migrating to 1.x Migrating to 2.x The Contributor Guide ¶ If you want to contribute to the project, this part of the documentation is for you. Contributor’s Guide Be Cordial Get Early Feedback Contribution Suitability Code Contributions Steps for Submitting Code Code Review New Contributors Kenneth Reitz’s Code Style™ Documentation Contributions Bug Reports Feature Requests Development Philosophy Management Style Values Semantic Versioning Standard Library? Linux Distro Packages How to Help Feature Freeze Development Dependencies Runtime Environments Authors Keepers of the Crystals Previous Keepers of Crystals Patches and Suggestions There are no more guides. You are now guideless. Good luck. Requests is an elegant and simple HTTP library for Python, built for human beings. Sponsored by CERT Gouvernemental - GOVCERT.LU . Stay Informed Receive updates on new releases and upcoming projects. Useful Links Recommended Packages and Extensions Requests @ GitHub Requests @ PyPI Issue Tracker Release History Translations English French German Japanese Chinese Portuguese Italian Spanish Quick search ©MMXVIX. A Kenneth Reitz...